tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-47864034974488856912024-03-26T01:54:57.449-07:00kvramana123ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.comBlogger11125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-62601389112445234842017-04-18T23:09:00.004-07:002017-04-18T23:09:41.095-07:00Group Discussion Notes for I year<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">GROUP
DISCUSSION</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Group discussion is commonly known
as GD, as the name suggests, it is a group activity. People are
grouped in a bunch for a common purpose:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: ""wingdings"","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">§</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> share knowledge<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"> §</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 7pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">
</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">exchange opinions</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: ""wingdings"","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> §</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">brainstorm [find solutions,
innovative look for improvements]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">To make a
Successful GD:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Content:
Fairly good knowledge of the topic and awareness of the current situation will
help prevent ideas from drying up fast and to keep the GD alive and lively. If
you are unfamiliar with the topic, wait for someone else to come up with
important information and facts, then quickly formulate you stance and come
with your perspective.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Communication:
The language should be simple and lucid, use the right word at the right time
that gives clarity to the GD and highlights your role in generating ideas in
the group. Not to exhaust your ideas at one go. Every time you contribute, make
your talk relevant and brief. It is necessary to listen with great attention
and react with pertinent comments.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Constant
interruption while others are speaking must be avoided. The discussion becomes
meaningless if all the participants speak at the same time. Some candidates try
to interrupt and even make fun of other participants. This strategy will
adversely affect them. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No
points will be lost even if a candidate openly supports or agrees with the
views of the other candidates. Valid reasons must be given as to why you
support a particular point of view. In case your views are strongly criticized,
there is no need to be upset. Criticism taken positively will act in the
candidate’s favour.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Thinking:
Listen and understand the arguments of other participants and at the same time
decide what points you should raise and how. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Group
behaviour: Expressing your views emphatically will be appreciated in a GD, it
is equally important that you draw the more reticent participants into the
discussion and involve them in the decision-making process. The participant
should be tactful while contradicting the views of other participants. Blunt
statements such as ‘Your arguments are baseless’, or ‘You are absolutely
wrong’, are to be avoided strictly. The participant has to disagree without
sounding rude by saying things such as ‘I beg to differ’ or ‘Sorry to disagree
with you’.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Some
Patterns of starting a discussion:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We have assembled here to
discuss …<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We are here today to discuss …<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Let us get down to business …<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Let’s start how to proceed with
the discussion …<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Let’s start off with No.1 …<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Shall we make a start?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Shall we set the ball rolling?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Can you please give your views
on?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Some patterns for interrupting a
discussion:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sorry to interrupt you …<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Excuse me, but …<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Could I make a suggestion,
please?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Could I say something ….?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sorry to disagree with you …<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If I could make a point here …<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Some patterns of ending a
discussion:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I think that covers everything<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is time to wind up<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Shall
we close the discussion then?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Comments:
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What
I think is …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
feel that …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
main point I wish to make is …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
agree up to a certain point but …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
must disagree with your opinion …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
would question whether …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It
seems to me that …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">As
far as I am concerned …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
don’t agree with the previous speaker …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Please
don’t interrupt. Let me finish<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Can
you wait till I finish?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
think we are moving away from the main point.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If
I may turn now to …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Turning
now to …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
want to comment briefly on …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
intend to make … points about …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Now
to elaborate on the first point …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
strongly believe that …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">With
all due respect <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
am not in a position to say anything about …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If
we look at it in another light …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">On
the contrary …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
don’t think any one could disagree with …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
can’t help thinking …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Can
I finish please …?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Finally
…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">Successful GDs</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 24.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A good and successful group
discussion is one where the topic has been discussed threadbare.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Analyse the topic word by word. Identify the frame of
reference you would be using during the discussion.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Look
at the topic from the point of view of all the affected parties.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Look
at the topic from all the various angles and all the possible
perspectives.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">At the
end of a discussion or when you know that the discussion time is almost
up, it is necessary to give an appropriate conclusion. To do this, quickly
recap the important points that have come up during the discussion,
emphasize the points on which there were differences and where there was
convergence of opinion and make the concluding remark.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Points to be remembered:<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Prepare well by reading and reflecting on the topic.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Anticipate
the points of others.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Listen keenly and understand the points made by others.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Break in and make your point without waiting to be
called upon to do so, ensuring relevance to the context.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Be loud enough to be heard by everyone.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Make brief remarks often rather than giving long
speeches.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Be
open minded and conciliatory rather than dogmatic.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Try to be group-centred rather than self-centred.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Avoid personal attacks and name-calling. Accept
criticism with dignity and rebut it with strong arguments.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Back your arguments with evidence and authority.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Use appropriate gestures and expressions.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Maintain eye contact with group members. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">***<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-58928069393855617962017-03-31T01:27:00.002-07:002017-03-31T01:27:20.426-07:00Describing Objects<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Guidelines for Describing Objects:</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is made up of glass, leather,
silver, plastic, etc.,<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is sharp, valuable, tiny,
soft, easy to break, etc.,<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is round, long and thin.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is used for cutting,
sticking things together, carrying things.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It has got a lid, handle, etc.,<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Questions
that help describing Objects:</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What the object is?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Where, how, when you bought it?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Description of the object
(colour, size, etc.,)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Why is it important to you?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What you use it for?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Why you could not live without
it?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Any stories, memories
associated with it.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Model
Statements to Describe Objects:</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Introduce the Object:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I could not live without my …..<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">One thing I would hate to be
without is …..<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)
Describing Object:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I bought it from ….<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It was given to me by …..<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I have had it for …..<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is made of ….<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It used to belong to …..<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)
Saying why it is important….<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is really important to me
because…<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I need it for…..<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is very valuable….<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It has got great sentimental
value…<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It reminds me….<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I would be really lost without
out it….<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Digital Jewellery blog:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">http://sheshank-updates.blogspot.in/2012/03/digital-jewellery.html<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">After reading the passage Answer the
following questions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. What is the technological wonder
described in the above excerpt from a blog?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. What does a set of digital
jewellery typically consist of?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. What are the functions of each of
the pieces in a digital jewellery set?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4. How can voice recognition
software take over the keypad and dialling functions?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. How does a Java ring relieve us
of the burden of having to remember several passwords?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">*
* *<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-36380124732077750132016-11-24T08:41:00.002-08:002016-11-24T08:41:53.618-08:00Guidelines for proper Pronunciation <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Pronunciation of Suffixes
or word endings:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">The
plural form in written English with an s has three distinct sounds:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:line id="_x0000_s1026"
style='position:absolute;flip:y;z-index:251654144' from="189pt,9.45pt" to="3in,27.45pt">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 30px; margin-left: 251px; margin-top: 7px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 42px; z-index: 251654144;"><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/RamanaKV/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" width="42" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> /s/ cup<u>s</u> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:line id="_x0000_s1028"
style='position:absolute;z-index:251656192' from="189pt,6.75pt" to="207pt,24.75pt">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 31px; margin-left: 251px; margin-top: 8px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 30px; z-index: 251656192;"><img height="31" src="file:///C:/Users/RamanaKV/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1028" width="30" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:line id="_x0000_s1027"
style='position:absolute;z-index:251655168' from="189pt,6.75pt" to="3in,6.75pt">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 12px; margin-left: 251px; margin-top: 3px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 39px; z-index: 251655168;"><img height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/RamanaKV/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027" width="39" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> /z/ cub<u>s</u> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> /iz/ hors<u>es</u>, bench<u>es</u> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Rule 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">When
a word ends in a voiceless sound as in /p/, /t/, /k/, /f/ the s that follows is
sounded as /s/:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> Tap - tap<u>s</u>
/s/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> Pet - pet<u>s</u>
/s/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> Book - book<u>s</u>
/s/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Rule 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">When a word ends in a voiced sound as in /b/, /d/, /g/ the s is
sounded as /z/:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> Bag - bag<u>s</u>
/z/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> Tub - tub<u>s</u>
/z/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> Kid - Kid<u>s</u>
/z/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Rule 3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">The plural morpheme /s/ or any word ending in s is sounded as /iz/
with words ending in s, z, dz, t</span><span style="font-family: Symbol;">ò</span><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">. It is applicable to
verbs too.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> Bus - buses
/iz/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> Bench - benches
/iz/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> Bridge - bridges
/iz/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> Wish - wishes
/iz/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/s/ sound
represented by<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> s - seek,
case<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> ss - essay,
pass<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> sc - science,
scene<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> c - cement,
cease<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/z/ is
presented by <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> s - please,
cousin<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> ss - scissors,
dresses<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> z - zeal,
amaze<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> zz - puzzle,
dazzle<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> x - exact,
examination<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Past tense form ending with the inflection ‘d’ has three distinct
sounds:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:line id="_x0000_s1029"
style='position:absolute;flip:y;z-index:251657216' from="189pt,11.3pt" to="3in,29.3pt">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 30px; margin-left: 251px; margin-top: 10px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 42px; z-index: 251657216;"><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/RamanaKV/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1029" width="42" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> bag - bagged
/d/ <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:line id="_x0000_s1031"
style='position:absolute;z-index:251659264' from="189pt,8.6pt" to="3in,26.6pt">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 30px; margin-left: 251px; margin-top: 11px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 42px; z-index: 251659264;"><img height="30" src="file:///C:/Users/RamanaKV/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1031" width="42" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:line id="_x0000_s1030"
style='position:absolute;z-index:251658240' from="189pt,8.6pt" to="3in,8.6pt">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 12px; margin-left: 251px; margin-top: 6px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 39px; z-index: 251658240;"><img height="12" src="file:///C:/Users/RamanaKV/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1030" width="39" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> wash - washed
/t/ <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> add - added
/id/ <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Rule 1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">If a verb ends in a voiced sound, its past tense has the /d/ sound
at the end:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> bagged /d/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> clubbed /d/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> lived /d/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Rule 2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">If a verb ends in a voiceless sound, its past tense has the /t/
sound at the end:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">washed /t/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">looked
/t/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">stopped /t/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Rule 3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">If a verb ends in /t/ or /d/ its past tense has the /id/ sound at
the end:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">want - wanted /id/ state - stated
/id/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">add - added /id/ wade - waded /id/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoHeading7" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoHeading7" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoHeading7" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;">WORD
ACCENT / STRESS <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoHeading9">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;">Introduction <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Word stress is a very important feature
of spoken English. Words are made up of
sounds. The words two /tu:/ and see /si:/ are made up of two sounds each. The
words cat /kaet/ and back /baek/ are made up of three sounds each. The words
sent /sent/ and build /bIld/ are made up of four sounds each. The common
feature of all these words is that they are all <i>monosyllabic </i>words. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2">
SYLLABLE:
Syllable is the smallest unit of word which can be pronounced at a time or
without stopping in between, which contains an vowel sound.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">If a word</span><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">
has more than one syllable, all the syllables are not equally prominent: one of
the syllables is more prominent than the others. For example, the word </span><i><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;">Doc-tor</span></i><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">
is made up of two syllables: Doc<i> </i>and
tor<i> </i>but only the first
syllable <u>Doc</u><i> </i>is
stressed as it is more prominent than tor.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">It implies that a syllable is made up
of a vowel and optionally consonant(s).
<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Consonant Clusters<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">A syllable must have a vowel, and zero,
one, or more consonants before the vowel or after it. When a sequence of two or
more consonants occurs either before or after a vowel in a single syllable, it
is known as a ‘Consonant Cluster’. Consonant clusters occur initially and
finally. Consonant clusters occurred initially are called initial consonant
clusters, if it occurs finally they are called final consonant clusters.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Initial Consonant Clusters:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Two-Consonant Clusters<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/pl-/
plan, plot, place /fl-/
flask, flew, flap<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/pr-/
pray, prize, proud /fr-/ free, fresh, fry<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/kl-/
clean, club, climb /sp-/ speak, spend, spy, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/bl-/
blue, blink, blot /sm-/ small, smile, smoke<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Three-Consonant Clusters<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/spl-/
splash, spleen, split<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/spr-/
spring, sprout, spray<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/str-/
strong, strike, stroll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/skr-/
screen, scrub, scratch<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/skw-/
squash, square, squint<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Final Consonant Clusters:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Two-Consonant Clusters<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/-pt/
kept, wrapped, slept /-gd/
mugged, begged<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/-ks/
works, shocks, fox /-ft/
craft, coughed, laughed <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/lk/
milk, silk, sulk /-bd/
rubbed, clubbed<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Three-Consonant Clusters:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/-pts/
adopts, erupts /-lkt/
milked, sulked<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/-kts/
facts, ducts /-lvd/
shelved<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/-kst/
fixed, next /-lvz/
wolves<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/-mpt/
tempt, prompt /-lks/
silks<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Four-Consonant Clusters:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/-mpts/
prompts /-lf</span><span style="font-family: Symbol;">q</span><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">s/
twelfths<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/-mpst/
glimpsed /-ks</span><span style="font-family: Symbol;">q</span><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">s/
sixths<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/-ksts/
texts<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">/-lpts/
sculpts <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoHeading7">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;">Stress in English Words<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2">
Stress
in English words is fixed, i.e., the stress always falls on a particular
syllable in a given word. For example,
in the word <i>miserable</i>,
the stress is on the first syllable, i.e., <i><u>mis</u></i>, whether the word is said in isolation or in connected
speech. But at the same time, stress in
English words is free, i.e., it is not tied to any particular syllable in the
chain of syllables constituting the word.
For example, English words can be stressed on the first syllable as in <span style="font-size: 14pt;">‘<i>miserable</i></span>, on the second syllable as in <i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">a’gree</span></i>,
on the third syllable as in <i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">under’stand</span></i><i> </i>and so on. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">The syllable that which receives
highest degree of prominence in a word is said to have the </span><i><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;">primary accent / stress</span></i><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">. Any other prominent syllable which receives
prominence next to primary accent / stress is said to have </span><i><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;">secondary accent</span></i><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">. Primary accent is marked with a vertical bar
above and in front of the syllable to which it refers. Secondary accent is marked with a vertical
bar below and in front of the syllable.
For example, in the following words: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">,after’noon<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">,cigar’ette<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">,repre’sent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">The primary stress is on the last
syllable and the secondary stress is on the first syllable. When such words are
used in connected speech, pitch movement can be initiated only on the
syllables, which have primary stress. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">RULES
OF WORD STRESS:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Here are a few rules of word
stress. These will help one locate
stress in words. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeading7">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 14pt;">Functional shift of stress:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2">
There
are a number of words of two syllables in which the accentual pattern depends
on whether the word is used as a noun, an adjective or a verb. When the word is used as a noun or an
adjective, the stress is on the first syllable. When the word is used as a
verb, the stress is on the second syllable.
Here are a few examples:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 96.75pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Noun
/ Adjective Verb
<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">‘absent ab’sent<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">‘object ob’ject<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">‘subject sub’ject<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">‘project pro’ject<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">‘Progress pro’gress<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">‘Decrease De’crease<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeading7">
Words
with prefixes / suffixes: their stress patterns <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Here we discuss words with
prefixes / suffixes in terms of their stress patterns. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
a) Verbs of
two syllables beginning with the prefix dis- are stressed on the last syllable.
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">dis’arm dis’may<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">dis’band dis’pel<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
b) Verbs of two
syllables <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in;">
Verbs of two syllables ending in –ate, -ise/-ize, -ct are
stressed on the last syllable. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">nar’rate cap’size<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: 3.5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">at’tract chas’tise<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
c) Words
ending in ‘ion, -ic, -ical, -ically, -ially, -ian, -ious, -eous<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .75in; tab-stops: .5in .75in 3.5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
i) Words
ending in –ion have the stress on the penultimate (i.e., the last but one)
syllable. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in;">
-ion <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in;">
appli’cation civili’zation<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in;">
compo’sition ‘question <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in .75in 3.5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
ii) Words ending in
–ic/-ical/ically, -ial/-ially, -ian have the stress on the syllable preceding
the suffix. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in;">
-ic <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
apolo’getic sympa’thetic<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
e’lectric patri’otic <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
-ical
-ically<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
apolo’getical apolo’getically <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
-ial -ian <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
me’morial lib’rarian<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
of’ficial mu’sician <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in .75in 3.5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
iii) Words ending in
–ious, -eous have the stress on the penultimate (i.e., the last but one)
syllable <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
-ious -eous <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
‘anxious ‘piteous<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: 1.0in; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 3.5in;">
in’dustrious cou’rageous <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
d) Words ending
in –ate, -ise,/-ize, -fy, -ity, -cracy, -crat, -graph, -graphy, <br />
-meter, -logy <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .75in; tab-stops: .5in .75in 3.5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
i) Words
of more than two syllables ending in –ate, -ise/-ize, -ify are stressed on the
ante-penultimate syllable (i.e., third from the end). <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 2.5in 4.0in;">
-ate -ise, ize -ify <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
‘complicate ‘colonise ‘justify<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
ar’ticulate mo’nopolize ‘classify <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
ii) Words
ending in –ity, -cracy, -crat, -graph, -graphy, -meter, -logy have the stress
on the ante-penultimate syllable (i.e., third from the end). <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in;">
-ity -cracy -crat<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
a’bility au’tocracy ‘autocrat <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in;">
elec’tricity de’mocracy ‘democrat
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
iii) Words
ending in –graph, -graphy, -meter, -logy have the stress on the
ante-penultimate syllable (i.e., third from the end). <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
-graph -graphy -meter -logy<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
‘autograph pho’tography ther’mometer psy’chology<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
‘paragraph spec’trography lac’tometer bi’logy<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
iv) Words ending
in –ain, -aire, -eer, -enta, -ential, -ese, -esce, -escence, -escent, -esque,
-ique, -it is, -ee, -ette, -ete, -ade have the stress on the suffix.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
–ain
-aire -eer -ental, <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
Ob’tain millio’naire engi’neer experi’mental<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in right 6.0in;">
Main’tain question’naire volun’teer acci’dental<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in right 6.0in;">
Ascer’tain marke’teer pa’rental<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in right 6.0in;">
Re’frain car’eer inci’dental<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
–ential
-ese -esce -escence, <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
Exis’tential bur’mese coa’lesce effer’vescence<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
Provi’dential chi’nese conva’lesce ado’lescence<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
–ee
-ette -ete -ade,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
Pay’ee eti’quette de’lete barri’cade<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
Absen’tee ga’zette com’plete de’grade <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 2.0in 3.5in 4.75in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
e) Stress
Shift <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .75in; tab-stops: .5in .75in 3.5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
Stress shift is quite normal in
derivatives. Here are a few examples : <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .5in 3.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
a’cademy
aca’demic acade’mician<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
‘photograph pho’tographer photo’graphic<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText3">
‘politics po’litical poli’tician<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif;">Here we have given you a few rules for marking stress in
English. We have also discussed
functional shift of stress. Please
remember these rules of stress are very useful for you to be able to pronounce
English words correctly. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /></span></b></div>
ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-81412728679289743982016-08-25T02:30:00.003-07:002016-08-25T02:30:31.930-07:00Notes on Group Discussion <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div align="center" class="MsoHeading7" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; text-shadow: auto;">GROUP DISCUSSION<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt;">
Group discussion is commonly known as GD, as the name suggests, it is a
group activity. People are grouped in a
bunch for a common purpose:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->share
knowledge<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->exchange
opinions<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->brainstorm
[find solutions innovative look for improvements]<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->job
selection process <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt;">
It is a systematic purposeful interactive oral process. Here the members of the group share certain
common objectives. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">It is
characterized by the formal and structural exchange of views on a particular
topic / issue / problem.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeading7" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
Importance of GD<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->GD is
used as a technique for personality assessment of candidate for job selection
or admission to professional courses. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">GD aims at problem solving, decision making
and personality assessment<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 9.0pt; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Group of 6 – 8 members are formed and are
given topic may be an opinion / a problem / a case. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">§<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Members of the selection committee closely
evaluate the different skills reflected by the candidates and those with
leadership qualities emerge as natural leader/s are normally short listed. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoHeading7" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
Characteristics of Successful
GD<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l6 level4 lfo2; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">a)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Agreement
on group goal<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l6 level4 lfo2; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">b)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Goal
oriented interaction<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l6 level4 lfo2; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">c)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Agreement
on procedure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l6 level4 lfo2; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">d)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Co-operative
and friendly atmosphere<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l6 level4 lfo2; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">e)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Effective
communication techniques<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l6 level4 lfo2; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">f)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Equitable
distribution of participation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l6 level4 lfo2; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">g)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Shared
leadership<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeading7">
Areas of Evaluation in
selection GDs<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">a)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Subject
knowledge<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">b)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Oral
communication skills<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">c)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Appropriateness
of language<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">d)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Clarity of
expression<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">e)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Non-verbal
clues<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">f)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Leadership
qualities – initiative, analysis, objectivity<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo1; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Book Antiqua"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Book Antiqua";">g)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Team
management – adaptability, positive attitude, co-operation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">A group
Discussion can be categorically divided into three different phases:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyTextIndent2" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; tab-stops: .5in 2.75in 3.0in;">
i) Initiation
/ Introduction – quotes, definition, question, short story,
general statement. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 3.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 2.75in 3.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -3.0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">ii) Body of the GD – develop
the concept / core unit<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 3.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: .5in 2.75in 3.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -3.0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">iii) Summarization / Conclusion – emphasizing
central ideas (avoid raising new points; avoid stating only your view point
keep brief and concise)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoHeading7">
Key Points for GD<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 216.7pt;" valign="top" width="289">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">1) Team spirit<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 216.75pt;" valign="top" width="289">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">5) Inspiring ability <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 216.7pt;" valign="top" width="289">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">2) Reasoning ability <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 216.75pt;" valign="top" width="289">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">6) Awareness <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 216.7pt;" valign="top" width="289">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">3) Leadership <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 216.75pt;" valign="top" width="289">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">7) Listening <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 216.7pt;" valign="top" width="289">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Book Antiqua","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">4) Creativity <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 216.75pt;" valign="top" width="289">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2">
Misconceptions: A GD is intended for testing debating skills,
and as such they are expected to take control of the debate, thereby not
allowing others to voice their views and facts in support of their argument.
They also try to contradict the views of other participants, hoping they will
be noticed and appreciated.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">To make a Successful GD:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Content: Fairly good knowledge of the topic and awareness of the current
situation will help prevent ideas from drying up fast and keep the GD alive and
lively. If you are unfamiliar with the topic, wait for someone else to come up
with important information and facts, then quickly formulate you stance and
come with your perspective.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Communication: The language should be simple and lucid, use the right word at the
right time that gives clarity to the GD and highlights your role in generating
ideas in the group. Not to exhaust your ideas at one go. Every time you
contribute, make your talk relevant and brief. It is necessary to listen with
great attention and react with pertinent comments.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
Constant interruption while others are
speaking must be avoided. The discussion becomes meaningless if all the
participants speak at the same time. Some candidates try to interrupt and even
make fun of other participants. This strategy will adversely affect them. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
No points will be lost even if a candidate
openly supports or agrees with the views of the other candidates. Valid reasons
must be given as to why you support a particular point of view. In case your
views are strongly criticized, there is no need to be upset. Criticism taken
positively will act in the candidate’s favour.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Thinking: Listen and understand the arguments of other participants and at the
same time decide what points you should raise and how. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Group behaviour: Expressing your views emphatically will be
appreciated in a GD, it is equally important that you draw the more reticent
participants into the discussion and involve them in the decision-making
process. The participant should be tactful while contradicting the views of
other participants. Blunt statements such as ‘Your arguments are baseless’, or
‘You are absolutely wrong’, are to be avoided strictly. The participant has to
disagree without sounding rude by saying things such as ‘I beg to differ’ or
‘Sorry to disagree with you’.<o:p></o:p></div>
<h1>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"> </span></h1>
<h1>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span></h1>
<h1>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Types of GDs:</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"> Broadly divided into two types:<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Concrete
and fact-oriented topics, which need factual content in combination with the
right perspective to be successful.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Abstract
topics where more than facts, you need interpretations and creative thinking.
Here, the perspective from which the interpretation is made and the themes you
build into them will be more significant and valuable.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Structuring
a GD<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The following
language may be used in structuring a GD:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Entering a discussion: Make comments on previous contributions and
show one’s own relation to them. Change the trend of discussion by agreement,
disagreement, and amplification or by restriction.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Some Patterns of starting a discussion:<o:p></o:p></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">We have
assembled here to discuss …<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">We are here
today to discuss …<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Let us get
down to business …<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Let’s start
how to proceed with the discussion …<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Let’s start
off with No.1 …<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Shall we make
a start?<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Shall we set
the ball rolling?<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Can you
please give your views on?<o:p></o:p></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText2">
Some patterns for
interrupting a discussion:<o:p></o:p></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Sorry to
interrupt you …<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Excuse me,
but …<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Could I make
a suggestion, please?<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Could I say
something ….?<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">Sorry to
disagree with you …<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;">If I could
make a point here …<o:p></o:p></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoBodyText2" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Some patterns of ending a discussion:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I think that covers everything<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">It is time to wind up<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Shall we close the discussion then?<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Comments:
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">What I think is …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I feel that …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">The main point I wish to
make is …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I agree up to a certain
point but …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I must disagree with your
opinion …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I would question whether …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">It seems to me that …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">As far as I am concerned …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I don’t agree with the
previous speaker …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Please don’t interrupt. Let
me finish<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Can you wait till I finish?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I think we are moving away
from the main point.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">If I may turn now to …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Turning now to …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I want to comment briefly on
…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I intend to make … points
about …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Now to elaborate on the
first point …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I strongly believe that …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
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<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I am not in a position to
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">If we look at it in another
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">On the contrary …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">I can’t help thinking …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Can I finish please …?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Finally …<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h1 style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Successful
GDs<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">A good and successful group discussion is one where
the topic has been discussed threadbare.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Analyse the topic word by
word. Identify the frame of reference you would be using during the discussion.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Look at the topic from the
point of view of all the affected parties.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Look at the topic from all
the various angles and all the possible perspectives.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">At the end of a discussion
or when you know that the discussion time is almost up, it is necessary to give
an appropriate conclusion. To do this, quickly recap the important points that
have come up during the discussion, emphasize the points on which there were
differences and where there was convergence of opinion and make the concluding
remark.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Points
to be remembered:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Prepare well by reading and
reflecting on the topic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Anticipate the points of
others.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Listen keenly and understand
the points made by others.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Break in and make your point
without waiting to be called upon to do so, ensuring relevance to the context.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Be loud enough to be heard
by everyone.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Make brief remarks often
rather than giving long speeches.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Be open minded and
conciliatory rather than dogmatic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Try to be group-centred
rather than self-centred.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Avoid personal attacks and
name-calling. Accept criticism with dignity and rebut it with strong arguments.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Back your arguments with
evidence and authority.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Use appropriate gestures and
expressions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">v<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Maintain eye contact with
group members.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> ****</b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</div>
ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-18011039746674354972016-07-15T21:32:00.001-07:002016-07-15T21:32:14.358-07:00Everyday Vocabulary Exercise<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Date :</span></u></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Everyday Vocabulary Exercise</span></u></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Synonym: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1)
………………………………</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
……………………………………………………………………………………………. </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Antonym: <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1) ………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Homophone: <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1) ………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Homonym: <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1) ………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Homograph: <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1) ………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Phrasal Verb: <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1) ………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Idiom: <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1)
……………………………………………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Abbreviation: <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1) ………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Acronym: <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1) ………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">One Word Substitute: <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1)
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Words often confused: <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1) ………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Collocation: <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>(1) ………………………………</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Euphemism: <span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>(1)
………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Pronunciation: <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>(1)
………………………………</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Spelling: <span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>(1)
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>e.g.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….</span></b></div>
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ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-62949068010150279212016-02-13T23:56:00.001-08:002016-02-14T00:00:12.843-08:00Short story Project<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Introduction:<br />
<br />
1. Briefly about the characters and their role in the story<br />
2. Brief outline of the story<br />
<br />
Findings:<br />
<br />
1. Themes (Subjects / topics) discussed in the story<br />
2. Problem in the story, if any,<br />
3. Relevance to the present situation in the society<br />
4. Three points how similar topics/subjects/themes are taking place positively in the society<br />
5. <span style="font-family: "";">Three points how similar topics/subjects/themes are taking place (negatively) and </span><span style="font-family: "";">how society is suffering from the negative actions of the selfish / egoistic individuals </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "";">Conclusion and Recommendation:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "";">1. The learning from the story and/or</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "";">2. Message of the story to the society / individual</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "";">3. Various other possible solutions to the problem identified in the story</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "";">4. Your impression on each of the character in the story</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "";">5. If you were in the shoes of the Characters in the story, your actions and response in each character of the story</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "";"> </span> </div>
ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-35577699157293979112015-09-17T05:38:00.005-07:002015-09-17T05:38:58.026-07:00Self-introduction (Know Thyself)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoBodyText">
<b><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">‘Know
thyself’</span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
It
was Socrates who said ‘Know thyself’. Everyone should know his or her own strengths
and weaknesses. Only then will they be able to face the battle of life with
confidence. People in general know very little about themselves. Now you have
an opportunity to think and find out about yourself and speak to your friends
about your character and personality.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: left;">Activity 1</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
Give specific answers to the following questions
about your character, personality, attitudes, likes and dislikes. Your friends
will react to your views either by defending them or opposing them. The interaction
will thus lead to an open discussion.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->What
are you by nature? Express your views on each of these items:</div>
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<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="a">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">Shy and reserved / sociable / aggressive</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">Confident/hesitant</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">Humble/proud</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">Calm and collected / sentimental and impulsive</li>
</ol>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.75in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->How
do you behave with other people?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
Like
to initiate talk with strangers / expect other people to talk to you first /
prefer to be always surrounded by other people / like to have a lot of friends</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Speak
briefly about your sleeping habits.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
Sleep
more than eight hours at night / like to sleep / have a nap during the day /
find it difficult to sleep at night</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->What
is your attitude to work?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
Like
to be active during the day / love holidays / find it difficult to sit quietly
/ hate work / don’t like to be lazy</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->How
much attention do you pay to your appearance?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
Like
to wear the latest outfits / prefer to dress in a simple manner / attend to
your face before going out / attach importance to make-up / have your hair cut
once a month</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->How
practical are you?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
Don’t
mind doing simple repairs at home / cannot mend anything / prefer to do simple
jobs yourself / can fix just about anything</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Which
is the quality your friends like most in you?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
Your
honesty / your cheerfulness / your generosity / your willingness to help</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->How
would you describe yourself?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
Religious
/ active / practical / academic / jovial</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->9.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Which
of the following would you choose?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
To
have at least two friends / a number of acquaintances / just one friend / five
or six friends</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->10.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->What
would make you most uneasy?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
Somebody
praising you in front of others / being in a large crowd / people laughing at
you / seeing somebody cry</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->11.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Which
would you like most to improve?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
Your
looks / your attitude to work / your social life / your interest in current
affairs / your relationship with your family</div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
</div>
ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-78591082693227604192015-09-08T03:25:00.003-07:002015-09-08T06:53:48.461-07:00Students and their Duties<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">STUDENTS AND
THEIR DUTIES<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">“Student Life is the Happiest Life”. It
is a sheltered life. It is a privilege. Every privilege comes with certain
responsibilities. The students can happily discharge these responsibilities, if they take up the following four duties carefully.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Duty you owe to yourselves<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Duty which you owe to your
fellow-students<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Duty which you owe to those in authority
over you (or Duty to parents and Teachers)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Duty which you owe to those who are
around you, not students, but people of the wider world around you.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I.
Duty you owe to yourselves: <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">To acquire knowledge not merely to help
you in the examinations, but to help you in later life. Knowledge is an exacting mistress; she needs
devotion; whole-hearted devotion on the part of the person who seeks her. Such
whole-hearted devotion is possible only in the days of studenthood. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">But knowledge will not merely help all
alone for the success. Along with knowledge one must acquire character. The success depends
more on character than on knowledge. Therefore, you should acquire a
character which must show earnestness, which helps to raise the life of people around.</span><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">II.
Duty which you owe to your fellow-students<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Your duty to your fellow students is to
teach and support. This duty will secure the habit of cooperation which is required in later
life. It helps to use the opportunities properly and sometimes to stand for
others feelings and regard their views; sometimes standing out for your own
views. In later life one cannot acquire the habit of cooperation because of closed mindset. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">III.
Duty which you owe to those in authority over you (Duty to parents and
Teachers)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">It is the tradition of the East to obey the parents and treat the teachers with reverence. If this is ignored, it is
a national calamity. This duty is a pre-requisite to acquire knowledge which in
turn helps to make use of fullest advantage of opportunities available. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">In the process of fulfilling the
requirements of wards, parents shall sacrifice their needs, comforts
and if required ‘life’ itself. Therefore obeying parents has become part of the tradition of East and </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">a pre-requisite to acquire knowledge</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Reverence to your teachers helps to
build discipline in the interest of common good. If the teacher objects to
something, it is your duty to abstain from doing it. It helps students to build and strengthen their
nature, not to deviate from the right path, and to develop judgment and discretionary abilities in later life.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">IV.
Duty which you owe to those who are around you, not students, but people of the
wider world around you.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Suffering and struggling is a part of life; it is your duty to sympathize
with the people around who are suffering with their problems and struggling to surmount. May be you cannot immediately redress
their problems, but you should observe and study the problems and struggles of the
people around. This knowledge helps students to face the society in later life.
One should not venture to face the life without this knowledge. Therefore, this is your duty to lead a better life in later part of life. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</div>
ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-22511694879528655782013-10-02T17:26:00.000-07:002016-07-15T21:58:24.710-07:00Students to practice<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="http://www.learnenglish.de/homophones/Homophones.html">http://www.learnenglish.de/homophones/Homophones.html</a></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
English SAT Vocabulary - Sponsored by Cambridge </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://www.memrise.com/courses/english/english/">http://www.memrise.com/courses/english/english/</a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
English Pronunciation</div>
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http://www.howjsay.com</div>
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<br />
Reading Comprehension<br />
<br />
http://gre.graduateshotline.com/reading_comprehension_practice.html <br />
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A good link for phrasal verbs:<br />
<br />
<br />
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com<br />
<br />
<br />
http://collocations.ooz.ie/<br />
<br />
<br />
Minimal pairs link<br />
<br />
http://www.tedpower.co.uk/minimal0108.html<br />
<br /></div>
</div>
ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-63414127513339512802013-04-14T23:00:00.002-07:002015-01-07T06:10:08.852-08:00GRE High frequency words<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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GRE High Frequency Words</div>
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<span style="text-decoration: none;"> </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Garrulous </b>: – adj – talking much or too much, esp. about unimportant things; loquacious : Garrulity – N.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Generally politicians are garrulous.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.</span></span> <b>Aberrant</b> :<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>–
adj – abnormal or deviant, turning away from what is right, true, etc;
deviating from what is normal or typical: Aberrant rains washed away
some parts of the Orissa.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Foment</b> : V- incite - to do or say something that encourages people to behave violently or illegally. </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Hyperbole</b>:
N- Describing something as much better, more important, etc., than it
really is / exaggeration for effect and not meant to be taken literally.
Ex. He is as strong as an ox. It’s a hyperbolic statement. </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Tangential</b> : adj – having only a slight or indirect connection with sth / merely touching a subject not dealing with it at length.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Neophyte</b> : N – One just beginning a new kind of life, work, etc. : Beginner; novice</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Austere</b>
: Adj – 1) simple & plain 2) Strict serious in appearance
& behaviour 3) allowing nothing that gives pleasure : The monk’s
austere way of life.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Meticulous</b> : Adj – extremely / excessively careful; finicky; scrupulous </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Discerning</b> – Adj – Astute – having or showing good judgment or understanding; Discerning attitude of wards makes parents happy.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Recluse</b> : Adj – a person who lives alone and likes to avoid other persons.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Perfunctory</b> : Adj – done as a duty or habit without any interest. A perfunctory smile; They only made a perfunctory effort.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Abeyance</b> : N - temporary suspension, as of an activity or function ; The deal was held in abeyance, until her arrival</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Insipid</b> : - Adj – 1) Having almost no taste or flavour ; A cup of insipid coffee.</div>
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2) Not interesting or exciting ; dull; lifeless ; – An insipid conversation.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">14.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Burgeon</b> : V – to grow or develop rapidly ; Burgeon population/Demand of electricity.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">15.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Idolatry</b>
: N – 1) practice of worshipping statues as Gods; Hindus generally
practice idolatry; 2) too much love or admiration of sb/sth; Sachin has
got idolatry fans.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">16.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Log</b> : N 1) Thick piece of wood or tree.</div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>V<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>- To put information in an official record or write a record of events.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">17.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Equivocate</b> : V – talk sth deliberately in order to avoid or hide truth</div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>use ambiguity to conceal the truth; equivocation</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">18.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Diffidence</b> : N (U) – Diffident – adj ; not having much confidence </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">19.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Dupe</b> : V – to trick or cheat sb; </div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>N – a person who is tricked or cheated.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">20.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Euphemism</b> : N -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mild
or vague expression substituted for a harsher or more direct one; a
polite word/phrase that is used to avoid saying something embarrassing
or offensive; pass away – died; prison – retaining centers.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">21.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Refute</b> : V – Rebut; to prove that argument or theory/sth is wrong. </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">22.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Obdurate</b> : Adj – Stubborn – refusing to change your mind or your actions in any way.</div>
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<b> </b></div>
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<b> </b></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">23.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Solicitous</b> : Adj – being very concerned for sb and wanting to make sure that they are comfortable, well or happy</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">24.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Recondite</b>: Adj – not known or understood by many people</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">25.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Extrapolation</b> :N – to estimate or form an opinion about sth or sb.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">26.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Propriety</b> : N(U) – Fitness, rightness; Correct conduct, socially acceptable behaviour</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">27.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Equanimity</b>: N – 1) keeping cool at difficult times 2) a calm state of mind – not to become angry especially in difficult situations.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">28.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Abstemious</b> : Adj - Moderate or ascetic / Sparing in eating and drinking</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">29.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Complaisant</b>: Adj – willing to please; acquiescent; obliging</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">30.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Deride </b>: V – to treat sb/sth as ridiculous and not worth considering seriously</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">31.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Commensurate</b> : Adj – equal in extent; proportionate; Salary will be commensurate with qualifications and experience</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">32.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Belie</b> – V – Contradict; give a false impression; fail to fulfill or justify; disappoint</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">33.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Belle</b> : N - a beautiful or most beautiful women; the most beautiful woman in a particular place</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">34.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Disjointed</b>
– Adj – not communicated or described in a clear or logical way; not
connected; incoherent; disconnected; take apart at the joints; disturb
the working of; disrupt;</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">35.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Insularity</b>
: N(U) – only interested in your own country, ideas, etc., and not in
those from outside; of or like an island; separated or remote;
narrow-minded;</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">36.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Wary</b> : Adj – cautious; on one’s guard; circumspect; showing caution; </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">37.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Intransigence</b> : N(U) – Stubborn – unwilling to change opinion/behaviour in a way that help others; uncompromising; </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">38.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Desultory</b> – Adj – going from one place/point to another/point without a definite plan/enthusiasm – Not methodical</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">39.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Ambiguous</b>
– Adj – 1) having two or more meanings; not clear; indefinite;
uncertain; 2) that can be understood in more than one way; not clearly
stated or defined; difficult to classify</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">40.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Anarchy</b>
– N(U) – 1) the complete absence of Govt.; Lawlessness ; disorder in
any sphere of activity; 2) A situation in a country/organization without
Govt./order or control.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">41.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Supersede</b> – V – replacement of theory/Technology in place of old.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">42.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Plummet</b> - v – to fall very quickly in amount or value; fall or plunge rapidly; Temperatures plummeted to minus 20.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">43.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Penury</b> – N(U) –Poverty; destitution; lack; scarcity; – The state of being very poor.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">44.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Malingerer</b> – N – A person who pretends to be ill/sick, esp in order to avoid work.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">45.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Soporific</b> – Adj – Making you feel like going to sleep; to cause to sleep; sleepiness; The soporific effect of the sun.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">46.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Dirge</b>
– N – 1) a song sung in the past at a funeral or for a dead person 2) a
song or piece of music that is too slow and sad 3) a funeral hymn 4) a
slow, sad song 5) lament for the dead</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">47.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Autonomous</b> – Adj – having self-Govt.; acting or free to act independently</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">48.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Daunt</b> – V – discourage; intimidate; to make sb nervous and less confident about doing sth; daunting (adj)</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">49.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Contention</b> – N – 1) struggle / dispute / argument / rivalry 2) a statement or point that one argues for as true or valid</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">50.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Embellish</b> – V – beautify; adorn; to decorate or improve by adding detail; ornament; adorn; enhance with fictitious additions</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">51.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Perfidious</b> – Adj – Treacherous; faithless</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">52.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Aesthetic</b> – Adj – Sensitivity to art and beauty; artistic</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">53.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Veracious</b> – Adj 1) habitually truthful; honest 2) true, accurate</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">54.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Truculence</b> - N – Aggressiveness, ferocity – a storm of incredible truculence</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">55.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Catalyst</b>
– N - 1) Any substance serving as agent in catalysis (the speeding up
or sometimes slowing down of the rate of chemical reaction) 2) a person
acting as the stimulus in bringing about results.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">56.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Compendium</b> – N – A summery or abstract containing the essential information in a brief form; Cricket Compendium</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">57.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Pervasive</b> – Adj – Spread throughout</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">58.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Lucid</b> – Adj 1) Bright; Shining 2) transparent 3) clear to the mind</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">59.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Enhance</b> – V – 1) to make greater, as in cost, value, attraction, etc; augment 2) to improve the quality or condition.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">60.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Platitude</b> – N – sth i.e. boring because it is said many times before</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">61.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Welter</b> – V – Completely involved; to be soaked, stained or bathed; to welter in work; to welter in blood; <b>N </b>– a confusion; turmoil</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">62.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Oscillate</b> – V – to swing 2) to be indecisive in purpose or opinion<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">63.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Zealot</b> – N – Fanatic – A person who is zealous, esp to an extreme or excessive degree; over enthusiastic</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">64.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Impede</b> – V – Obstruct or delay; to bar the progress of </div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">65.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Anomalous</b> – Adj – abnormal – deviating from the general rule/usual method.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">66.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Reticent</b> - Adj; reserved; uncommunicative;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was reticent about his personal life/ private life/ experience. Reticent attitude of Ravi made him alone. Reticence – N(C).</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">67.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Abate</b>
- V – subside or moderate; to become less strong: By the weekend, the
storms had abated. 2) They postponed their traveling plans until storm
abated.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">68.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Implode</b> – V – burst inward – if you break a vacuum tube implodes.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">69.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Inadvertently</b> – Adv – unintentionally; by oversight; carelessly; not attentive; heedless; due to oversight</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">70.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Paucity</b> – N – 1) fewness, small number 2) scarcity, dearth, insufficiency.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">71.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Rescind</b> - v – to revoke, repeal, or cancel:</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">72.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Misanthrope</b> – N – A person who hates or distrusts all people.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">73.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Negate</b> – V – to deny the existence or truth of 2) to make ineffective</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">74.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Partisan</b> – N – a person who strongly supports one side or party or person.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">75.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><b>Document</b> – N(C) – A piece of paper with official information on it.</div>
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ramanaenglish1http://www.blogger.com/profile/15838815993385303928noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4786403497448885691.post-38258428070856106352011-03-10T21:50:00.000-08:002019-02-03T05:17:28.604-08:00RESUME<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14pt;">Shankaran </span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial";"> </span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial";"> </span></b></div>
R/o Flat No.101, Heavens Apartments<br />
HiTech City, e-mail : Shankaran@kailash.in<br />
Hyderabad - 500008. Cell: 91-9440064254<br />
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<b><u><br /></u></b>
<b><u>Objective:</u><br /><br />Seeking a position where I can explore my skills and abilities in information technology environment that offers Professional growth while being resourceful, innovative and flexible.</b></div>
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<br />
<b><u>Educational Qualifications:</u></b></div>
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<b><br />COURSE<br /><br /> </b></div>
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<b>YEAR<br /><br /> </b></div>
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<b>NAME OF THE INSTITUTION<br /><br /> </b></div>
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<b>BOARD/<br />University<br /> </b></div>
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<b>% of Marks /<br />GPA<br /> </b></div>
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<br />
B.Tech.<br />
(with Specialization)</div>
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Year<br />
<br /></div>
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College Name<br />
<br /></div>
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Board<br />
<br /></div>
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Percentage<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
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<br />
Intermediate<br />
<br /></div>
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Year<br />
<br /></div>
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College Name<br />
<br /></div>
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Board<br />
<br /></div>
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Percentage<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
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<br />
S.S.C.<br />
<br /></div>
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Year<br />
<br /></div>
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College Name<br />
<br /></div>
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Board<br />
<br /></div>
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Percentage<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
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<br />
<br />
<br />
<b><u>Technical Skills: </u></b><br />
<br />
Operating System : MS DOS,WINDOWS.<br />
Languages : C, C++,JAVA, J2EE in NIIT<br />
Software : MS Office, Oracle, Visual Basic 6.0.<br />
Internet Applications : HTML, ASP, JSP, Servlets<br />
Web tools: <br />
<br />
<b><u>Project Details:</u></b><br />
Mini Project and Major Project details in brief.<br />
<br />
<b><u>Paper Presentation Details:</u></b><br />
(example : A paper titled "Apps to Track the Lost Mobile" presented at MGIT, Hyderabad held on 2-3 January 2019.)<br />
<br />
<br />
<b><u>Online Courses / Seminars / Workshops Attended :</u></b><br />
Briefly present the course or workshop details (example : A workshop on "Ethical Hacking" organized by the Department of CSE, IIT, Guwahati in association with Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology (MGIT) at MGIT, Hyderabad during 4-5 January 2019.)<br />
<br />
<b><u>NOT TO WRITE (Soft Skills / Strengths):</u></b><br />
1 Good presentation, communication and inter-personal skills.<br />
2 Have an ability to integrate into and work in teams.<br />
3 Have steep learning curves.<br />
4 High degree of persistence.<br />
5 Adaptable to any software package.<br />
6 Possess leadership skills.<br />
7 Passion for Computers.<br />
8 Ability to work independently.<br />
<br />
<b><u>Social Activities:</u></b><br />
1. Participated in 'Haritha Haram', a tree plantation program held at Janwada representing NSS Team, MGIT on 11.07.2018.<br />
2. Donated Blood on ___________ in the Blood Donation Camp held at MGIT organized by _________.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b><u>Personal Details:</u></b><br />
<br />
Father's Name : “ “<br />
Age & DOB : “ “<br />
Sex : “ “<br />
Marital Status : “ “<br />
Languages Known : “ “<br />
<br />
<br />
<b><u>Declaration</u></b><br />
I hereby declare that the above written particulars are true to the best of my knowledge and belief.<br />
<br />
<br />
Place:<br />
Date: Signature</div>
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